The parameters of cell thickness \(\tau \) and surface area S, rates \(k_A\) and \(k_E\) and permeability \(\tilde=5\) for all geometries and alter \(k_A\) to adjust the slope for each geometry. Units of time and concentration have been implicitly nondimensionalized. With these constants, the relevant bifurcation value of d is at \(d^*= 0.5568\). Van Delden C, Iglewski BH (1998) Cell-to-cell signaling and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.
Pyke KA, Leech RM (1994) A genetic analysis of chloroplast division and expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana. Pyke KA, Leech RM (1992) Chloroplast division and expansion is radically altered by nuclear mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana. Pyke KA, Leech RM (1991) Rapid image analysis screening procedure for identifying chloroplast number mutants in mesophyll cells of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Pyke KA (1999) Plastid division and development. Pyke KA, Rutherford SM, Robertson EJ, Leech RM (1994) arc6, a fertile Arabidopsis mutant with only two mesophyll cell chloroplasts. Osteryoung KW, Stokes KD, Rutherford SM, Percival AL, Lee WY (1998) Chloroplast division in higher plants requires members of two functionally divergent gene families with homology to bacterial ftsZ. Martin W, Herrmann RG (1998) Gene transfer from organelles to the nucleus: How much, what happens, and why? Plant Physiol 118(1):9–17 Hall LN, Langdale JA (1996) Molecular genetics of cellular differentiation in leaves. Bull Math Biol 63(1):95–116Įllis J, Leech R (1985) Cell size and chloroplast size in relation to chloroplast replication in light-grown wheat leaves. Trends Plant Sci 7(5):204–210ĭockery JD, Keener JP (2001) A mathematical model for quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chloroplasts with area and volume that do not grow proportionally (spheres) exhibit a linear trend with additional scatter.īriggs WR, Christie JM (2002) Phototropins 1 and 2: versatile plant blue-light receptors.
When modeled chloroplasts are of a shape that grows with a constant area-to-volume ratio (disks, cylinders), we find a linear trend with minimal scatter. Our model exhibits a linear trend, with linearly growing scatter dependent on chloroplast shape, consistent with the data. We calculated the dependence of the location of the relevant saddle-node bifurcation on the geometry of the chloroplasts.
Here we propose a model motivated by a bacterial quorum-sensing model consisting of a switch-like signaling network that turns off chloroplast growth. Wild-type chloroplasts exhibit little scatter around this trend highly irregularly shaped mutant chloroplasts exhibit more scatter. Quantitative data show that the ratio of total chloroplast area to mesophyll cell area is constant across different cells within a single species and also across species. Now remove scripts from the omnigraffle toolbar, then re-apply and the new icons should be displayed in the toolbar.Chloroplasts regulate their growth to optimize photosynthesis. Got to the scrips folder (omnigraffle Help -> Open scripts folder), 'Get Info' (cmd-i) on the script.ĭrag and drop your created icon file into the top left of the get info window, over the current icon. To make the icons in the toolbar a little more useful first create the icon, (drag-drop a png to ) 'icns (finder ready)' worked for me. Will be something similiar to ~/Library/Application Scripts/6Īny script placed in here will be able to be added to the toolbar. OmniGraffle-Add-Magnets.scpt Append magnets to selected shape without clearing them first. OmniGraffle-Clear-Magnets.scpt Clears all magnets from selected shape. OmniGraffle-Magnets.scpt by Laurence Scotford allows any number of magnets to be added on a per side basis, inculding corners or not.
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